PLL algoritmy
PLL (Permutacia poslednej vrstvy) je poslednym krokom metody CFOP. Po tom, co OLL spravne orientoval vsetky nalepky hornej strany, PLL preusporiada dieliky do ich vyriesenych pozicii. Celkovo existuje 21 pripadov PLL.
Ak ste zaciatocnik, zacnite s 2-Look PLL -- zjednodusenym pristupom, ktory vyzaduje iba 6 algoritmov namiesto vsetkych 21.
2-Look PLL
2-Look PLL rozdeluje krok permutacie na dva mensie kroky:
- Permutacia rohov -- umiestnenie vsetkych 4 rohov na spravnu poziciu (2 pripady)
- Permutacia hran -- umiestnenie vsetkych 4 hran na spravnu poziciu (4 pripady)
To znamena, ze sa potrebujete naucit iba 6 algoritmov celkovo.
Krok 1: Permutacia rohov
Look at the top layer corners. Check if any pair of adjacent corners belongs to the same side (matching headlights).
Adjacent Corner Swap
One pair of adjacent corners is already correct. Hold the solved pair at the back and apply:
Algoritmus: R U R' U' R' F R2 U' R' U' R U R' F'
This is the T-Perm -- it swaps the two front corners (and two edges, which we fix in step 2).
Diagonal Corner Swap
No adjacent corners match. Apply the Y-Perm to swap corners diagonally:
Algoritmus: F R U' R' U' R U R' F' R U R' U' R' F R F'
Krok 2: Permutacia hran
All corners are now solved. Look at the edges and determine which need to cycle.
Ua Perm (3-edge cycle clockwise)
Three edges need to cycle clockwise. Hold the solved edge at the back.
Algoritmus: M2 U M U2 M' U M2
Ub Perm (3-edge cycle counter-clockwise)
Three edges need to cycle counter-clockwise. Hold the solved edge at the back.
Algoritmus: M2 U' M U2 M' U' M2
H Perm (Swap opposite edge pairs)
Two pairs of opposite edges need to swap.
Algoritmus: M2 U M2 U2 M2 U M2
Z Perm (Swap adjacent edge pairs)
Two pairs of adjacent edges need to swap. Hold so the two pairs are front/right and back/left.
Algoritmus: M2 U M2 U M' U2 M2 U2 M'
Uplny PLL -- Vsetkych 21 pripadov
Iba hrany (4 pripady)
These PLLs only move edges; corners are already solved.
Ua Perm
Edges cycle clockwise. The solved edge is at the back.
Rozpoznanie: One solved bar (edge + two corners) visible from the back.
Algoritmus: M2 U M U2 M' U M2
Ub Perm
Edges cycle counter-clockwise. The solved edge is at the back.
Rozpoznanie: One solved bar visible from the back; edge colors cycle the opposite direction from Ua.
Algoritmus: M2 U' M U2 M' U' M2
H Perm
Two pairs of opposite edges swap.
Rozpoznanie: Every side has the opposite color in the center edge. Checkerboard pattern on all four sides.
Algoritmus: M2 U M2 U2 M2 U M2
Z Perm
Two pairs of adjacent edges swap.
Rozpoznanie: Two adjacent sides each have the other's color in the edge position. No side is fully solved.
Algoritmus: M2 U M2 U M' U2 M2 U2 M'
Iba rohy (3 pripady)
These PLLs only move corners; edges are already solved.
Aa Perm
Three corners cycle. Headlights on the left side.
Rozpoznanie: Headlights on one side, the bar (3 matching stickers) is on the opposite side.
Algoritmus: x R' U R' D2 R U' R' D2 R2 x'
Ab Perm
Three corners cycle (opposite direction to Aa). Headlights on the right side.
Rozpoznanie: Mirror of Aa -- headlights on the opposite side.
Algoritmus: x R2 D2 R U R' D2 R U' R x'
E Perm
Two pairs of diagonal corners swap. No edges move.
Rozpoznanie: No headlights on any side. Each side has two different corner colors.
Algoritmus: x' R U' R' D R U R' D' R U R' D R U' R' D' x
Vymena susednych rohov (6 pripadov)
These PLLs swap one pair of adjacent corners along with edge permutations.
T Perm
Rozpoznanie: Headlights on the front and back. The two non-headlight sides each have their colors swapped.
Algoritmus: R U R' U' R' F R2 U' R' U' R U R' F'
F Perm
Rozpoznanie: Headlights on one side only (front). The other three sides have no matching pairs.
Algoritmus: R' U' F' R U R' U' R' F R2 U' R' U' R U R' U R
Ja Perm
Rozpoznanie: A solved 1x1x3 block on the left side. The right side has adjacent pieces swapped.
Algoritmus: x R2 F R F' R U2 r' U r U2 x'
Jb Perm
Rozpoznanie: A solved 1x1x3 block on the right side. Mirror of Ja.
Algoritmus: R U R' F' R U R' U' R' F R2 U' R'
Ra Perm
Rozpoznanie: Headlights on the front. Adjacent corner and edge swap on the right side.
Algoritmus: R U' R' U' R U R D R' U' R D' R' U2 R'
Rb Perm
Rozpoznanie: Headlights on the back. Mirror of Ra.
Algoritmus: R' U2 R U2 R' F R U R' U' R' F' R2
Vymena diagonalnych rohov (4 pripady)
These PLLs swap two diagonally opposite corners.
V Perm
Rozpoznanie: No headlights on any side. One side has a 2-color pattern where the edge matches one corner.
Algoritmus: R' U R' U' y R' F' R2 U' R' U R' F R F
Y Perm
Rozpoznanie: No headlights. One side has two matching corners but the edge between them is wrong.
Algoritmus: F R U' R' U' R U R' F' R U R' U' R' F R F'
Na Perm
Rozpoznanie: Two opposite sides are fully solved (a solved bar on each), but the other two sides have their pieces completely swapped.
Algoritmus: R U R' U R U R' F' R U R' U' R' F R2 U' R' U2 R U' R'
Nb Perm
Rozpoznanie: Mirror of Na. Two opposite bars but swapped differently.
Algoritmus: R' U R U' R' F' U' F R U R' F R' F' R U' R
G Perms (4 pripady)
The G permutations are the trickiest to recognize. They move both one pair of adjacent corners and cycle three edges.
Ga Perm
Rozpoznanie: Headlights on the left. The front-right corner matches the right edge.
Algoritmus: R2 U R' U R' U' R U' R2 U' D R' U R D'
Gb Perm
Rozpoznanie: Headlights on the front. The back-left corner matches the left edge.
Algoritmus: R' U' R U D' R2 U R' U R U' R U' R2 D
Gc Perm
Rozpoznanie: Headlights on the right. The front-left corner matches the left edge.
Algoritmus: R2 U' R U' R U R' U R2 U D' R U' R' D
Gd Perm
Rozpoznanie: Headlights on the back. The front-right corner matches the right edge.
Algoritmus: R U R' U' D R2 U' R U' R' U R' U R2 D'
Tipy na rozpoznanie
Efficient PLL recognition is key to fast solves. Here are general strategies:
- Look for headlights -- a pair of matching corners on one side. This narrows down the case immediately.
- Count solved bars -- a bar is three matching stickers in a row (corner-edge-corner). Bars indicate specific PLLs.
- Check two sides -- looking at the front and right side is usually enough to identify the case.
- Learn opposite patterns -- many PLLs come in mirror pairs (Ua/Ub, Ja/Jb, Ra/Rb, Ga-Gd).
| What you see | Possible PLLs |
|---|---|
| 4 sides with headlights | H, Ua, Ub, Z |
| 2 opposite sides with headlights | T, F, Ja, Jb, Ra, Rb |
| 1 side with headlights | Aa, Ab, Ga, Gb, Gc, Gd |
| 0 sides with headlights | E, V, Y, Na, Nb |
Poradie ucenia
A recommended order for learning all 21 PLLs:
- 2-Look first: T, Y (corners) + Ua, Ub, H, Z (edges) -- 6 algorithms
- Adjacent swaps: Ja, Jb, F, Ra, Rb -- 5 more algorithms
- Corner-only: Aa, Ab, E -- 3 more algorithms
- Diagonal swaps: V, Na, Nb -- 3 more algorithms
- G Perms last: Ga, Gb, Gc, Gd -- 4 final algorithms
Practice recognition by scrambling, solving to PLL, then covering the cube and trying to identify the case from memory. Speed comes from instant recognition, not just fast finger tricks.